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180 Glossary
SMP — Symmetric multiprocessing. Used to describe a system that has two or more
processors connected via a high-bandwidth link and managed by an operating system,
where each processor has equal access to I/O devices.
SNMP — Simple Network Management Protocol. A standard interface that allows a
network manager to remotely monitor and manage workstations.
SPANNING — Spanning, or concatenating, disk volumes combines unallocated space
from multiple disks into one logical volume, allowing more efficient use of all the
space and all drive letters on a multiple-disk system.
STRIPING — Disk striping writes data across three or more disks in an array, but only
uses a portion of the space on each disk. The amount of space used by a "stripe" is the
same on each disk used. A virtual disk may use several stripes on the same set of disks
in an array. See also guarding, mirroring, and RAID.
SVGA — Super video graphics array. VGA and SVGA are video standards for video
adapters with greater resolution and color display capabilities than previous standards.
SYSTEM BOARD — As the main circuit board, the system board usually contains most
of your system’s integral components, such as the processor, RAM, controllers for
peripherals, and various ROM chips.
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION INFORMATION — Data stored in memory that tells a
system what hardware is installed and how the system should be configured for
operation.
SYSTEM DISKETTE — See bootable diskette.
SYSTEM MEMORY — See RAM.
S
YSTEM SETUP PROGRAM — A BIOS-based program that allows you to configure
your system’s hardware and customize the system’s operation by setting features such
as password protection. Because the System Setup program is stored in NVRAM, any
settings remain in effect until you change them again.
SYSTEM.INI FILE — A start-up file for the Windows operating system. When you
start Windows, it consults the system.ini file to determine a variety of options for the
Windows operating environment. Among other things, the system.ini file records
which video, mouse, and keyboard drivers are installed for Windows.
TCP/IP — Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.
TOE — TCP/IP Offload Engine.
TERMINATION — Some devices (such as the last device at each end of a SCSI cable)
must be terminated to prevent reflections and spurious signals in the cable. When
such devices are connected in a series, you may need to enable or disable the
termination on these devices by changing jumper or switch settings on the devices or